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高二英语必修五知识点总结归纳分享8篇

时间:2024-04-19 15:50:02  来源:网友投稿

高二英语必修五知识点总结归纳分享【一般过去时】1.一般过去时的定义一般过去时表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生了的事情或存在的状态。常与过去时间下面是小编为大家整理的高二英语必修五知识点总结归纳分享8篇,供大家参考。

高二英语必修五知识点总结归纳分享8篇

高二英语必修五知识点总结归纳分享篇1

  【一般过去时】

  1.一般过去时的定义

  一般过去时表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生了的事情或存在的状态。常与过去时间yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before …, when – clause, in the past连用。如:

  What did you do yesterday?昨天你干了什么?

  I met Lin Tao this morning.今天上午我会到了林涛。

  I was there a moment ago.刚才我在那儿。

  2.一般过去时的应用

  (1)表示过去某时所发生的动作或存在的"状态。如:

  Liu Ying was in America last year.刘英去年在美国。

  Jim rang you just now.吉姆刚才给你打了电话。

  (2)表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。常接时间副词often, usually, always, sometimes, every day / week, etc.如:

  We often went out for a walk after supper.我们过去常在晚饭后散步。

  We usually played together.我们通常一起玩。

  3.一般过去时对谓语动词的要求

  一般过去时的谓语动词要用动词的过去式。动词过去式的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种形式,不规则变化通常需要逐个记忆,规则变化则遵循以下原则:

  (1)一般在动词后加-ed。如:play—played, offer—offered, weigh—weighed, destroy— destroyed, sign—signed.

  (2)在以字母e结尾的动词后,只加-d。如:like—liked, provide—provided, hate — hated, date—dated。

  (3)在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后,则改y为i,再加—ed。如:supply—supplied, fly—flied, study— studied.

  (4)在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ed。如:plan—planned, refer—referred, regret—regretted, ban—banned.

  4.特别说明

  有些动词的过去时,如:expect, hope, intend, plan, wanted等一般过去时,后接不定式的完成时;或它们的过去完成时接不定式的一般式,都可表示过去未曾实现的意图、打算或希望。如:

  I hoped to have been invited to his wedding party. —I had hoped to be invited to his wedding ceremony.我本希望他来邀请我参加他的婚礼。

  I intended to have joined their games. —I had intended to join their games.我本打算参加他们的比赛。

高二英语必修五知识点总结归纳分享篇2

  characteristic n.特征;特性radium n.镭

  painter n.画家;油漆匠

  put forward提出

  scientific adj.科学的

  conclude v.结束

  conclusion n.结论

  draw a conclusion得出结论

  analyse v.分析

  infect v.传染

  infections v.传染的

  cholera adj.霍乱

  defeat v.打败

  expert adj.熟练的

  attend v.照顾

  physician n.医生

  expose.暴露

  expose...to使显露

  deadly adj.致命的

  cure n.治愈

  outbreak n.爆发

  challenge n.挑战

  victim n.受害者

  absorb v.吸收

  suspect v.怀疑

  enquiry n.询问

  neighborhood n.附近

  severe adj.严重的

  clue n.线索

  pump n.泵

  Cambridge Street剑桥大街

  foresee v.预见

  investigate v.调查

  investigation n.调查

  blame v.责备

  pollute v.污染

  handle n.柄

  germ n.微生物

  link.连接

  link...to...将…和…联系或连接起来announce n.宣布

  certainty n.确信

  instruct v.命令

  responsible adj.有责任的

  construct v.建设

  construction n.建设

  contribute v.捐献

  apart from除……之外

  firework n.烟火

  chart n.图表

  creative adj.有创造力的

  co-operative adj.合作的

  positive adj.积极的

  (be) strict with...对……严格的

  Nicolas Copernicus尼古拉.哥白尼revolutionary adj.革命的

  movement n.移动

  make sense讲得通

  backward adj.向后的

  loop n.圈

  privately adv.私下的

  spin v.(使)旋转

  brightness n.明亮

  enthusiastic adj.热情的

  cautious adj.小心的

  reject v.拒绝

  universe n.宇宙

高二英语必修五知识点总结归纳分享篇3

  【词语】

  1. first aid的意思是“急救”,例如:first aid to the injured给予伤员的急救。

  短语联想

  give/offer aid援助come to sb"s aid帮助某人

  teaching aids教具medical aid医疗救护

  with the aid of借助于

  get injured受伤,在现代英语中大量地出现了由“get +及物动词不达意的过去分词”构成的被动语态,这叫get -型被动语态。又如:

  The computer got (was)damaged when we were moving.

  My bike is getting (is being)repaired row.

  2. Protect动词,“保护、维护”,用于句式“protect +名词+ against/from +名词”。

  e.g. He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.

  【短语联想】

  ? Keep... from...不让/避免

  ? stop... (from) ...阻止

  ? prevent...(from) ...妨碍/防止

  ?disable... from...使……失去(能力/资格)

  ?save... from...挽救、拯救

  3.depend on取决于。

  e.g. The amount you pay depends on where you live.词义拓展

  depend on依靠,依赖:His family depends on him.他的一家人全靠他养活。

  依赖,信任:We are depending on you to finish the job by Friday.

  4. squeeze动词,意思是“榨取”、“挤出”,例如:squeeze an orange榨橘子

  squeeze +名词+ out(of/from) +名词,

  e.g. Those blackmailers intended to squeeze more money out of him.

  5. hurt既可作及物动词,作“伤害”、“使受伤”解,也可作不及物动词,作“疼痛”、“感到疼痛”解。既可表达身体的受伤,也可以表达情感的伤害。例如:

  e.g. The little boy has fallen off a ladder and hurt himself.

  The driver hurt himself in the accident.司机在事故中受了伤。

  6. unless除非……;如果不……。如:

  7. icy adj.冰凉的

  -y是个形容词后缀。如:

  windy有风的hilly多小山的sleepy困倦的

  greeny略呈绿色spicy辛辣的woody树木茂密的

  thirsty饥渴的dirty脏的snowy下雪的

  8. in place放在适当的地方。如:

  e.g. The librarian put the returned books in place.图书管理员把还回的图书放到原处。

  Yon"d better put things back in place.Otherwise, it will be difficult to find things.

  9. sense n.感觉

  ?sense of touch触觉sense of sight视觉

  ? sense of hearing听觉sense of smell嗅觉

  ? sense of humour幽默感sense of beauty美感

  ?ense of hunger饥饿感the sixth sense第六感

  10. variety n.多样,种类,

  ★ a variety of…各种各样……

  【词语联想】

  various a.不同的,各种的,多方面的,许多的

  e.g. Everyone arrived late at the party for various reasons.

高二英语必修五知识点总结归纳分享篇4

  【词语】

  1. first aid 的意思是“急救”,例如:first aid to the injured 给予伤员的急救。

  短语联想

  give/offer aid 援助 come to sb"s aid 帮助某人

  teaching aids 教具 medical aid 医疗救护

  with the aid of 借助于

  get injured 受伤,在现代英语中大量地出现了由“get + 及物动词不达意的过去分词”构成的被动语态,这叫 get - 型被动语态。又如:

  The computer got (was)damaged when we were moving.

  My bike is getting (is being)repaired row.

  2. Protect 动词,“保护、维护”,用于句式“protect + 名词 + against/from + 名词”。

  e.g. He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.

  【短语联想】

  ? Keep... from... 不让/避免

  ? stop... (from) ... 阻止

  ? prevent...(from) ... 妨碍/防止

  ?disable... from... 使……失去(能力/资格)

  ?save... from... 挽救、拯救

  3.depend on 取决于。

  e.g. The amount you pay depends on where you live.词义拓展

  depend on 依靠,依赖:His family depends on him. 他的一家人全靠他养活。

  依赖,信任:We are depending on you to finish the job by Friday.

  4. squeeze 动词,意思是“榨取”、“挤出”,例如:squeeze an orange 榨橘子

  squeeze + 名词 + out(of/from) + 名词,

  e.g. Those blackmailers intended to squeeze more money out of him.

  5. hurt 既可作及物动词,作“伤害”、“使受伤”解,也可作不及物动词,作“疼痛”、“感到疼痛”解。既可表达身体的受伤,也可以表达情感的伤害。例如:

  e.g. The little boy has fallen off a ladder and hurt himself.

  The driver hurt himself in the accident. 司机在事故中受了伤。

  6. unless 除非……;如果不……。如:

  7. icy adj. 冰凉的

  -y 是个形容词后缀。如:

  windy 有风的 hilly 多小山的 sleepy 困倦的

  greeny 略呈绿色 spicy 辛辣的 woody 树木茂密的

  thirsty 饥渴的 dirty 脏的 snowy 下雪的

  8. in place 放在适当的地方。如:

  e.g. The librarian put the returned books in place. 图书管理员把还回的图书放到原处。

  Yon"d better put things back in place.Otherwise, it will be difficult to find things.

  9. sense n. 感觉

  ?sense of touch 触觉 sense of sight 视觉

  ? sense of hearing 听觉 sense of smell 嗅觉

  ? sense of humour 幽默感 sense of beauty 美感

  ?ense of hunger 饥饿感 the sixth sense 第六感

  10. variety n. 多样, 种类,

  ★ a variety of… 各种各样……

高二英语必修五知识点总结归纳分享篇5

  句子成分的省略

  为了避免重复,或者为了使某一内容引人注目,可以省略某些句子成分而保持句子原意不变。

  1、省略主语

  Beg your pardon.请你原谅。(= I beg your pardon.))

  Serves you right.你活该(= It serves you right.)

  2、省略谓语

  Anything the matter?要紧吗?(= Is anything the matter?)

  The river was deep and the ice thin.河很深,冰很薄。

  (= The river was deep and the ice was thin.)

  3、省略表语

  Are you ready? Yes,I am.(am后面省略了表语ready)

  4、省略宾语

  We have to analyze and solve problems. (analyze后省略了宾语problems)

  Let"s do the dishes. I"ll wash and you"ll dry.(wash和dry后面省略了宾语dishes)

  5、省略定语

  He spent part of the money, and the rest he saved.(the rest后面省略了定语of the money)

  6、省略状语

  (Even)The wisest man cannot know everything.

  省略在句子中的应用

  在一个句子中,省略可分为依赖上下文省略和不依赖上下文省略两种。前者省略的部分可在句子中找到,但后者可能找不到。

  Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.

  Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparents’company…..

  Confusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.

  Exhausted,Islidintothebedandfellfastasleep.

  过去分词作状语:过去分词作状语时,说明动作发生的背景或情况,其等同于一个状语从句。vt过去分词作状语时与主句主语构成被动关系,表示被动和完成,vi过去分词表示状态或动作的完成。

  Heated,waterchangesintosteam.

  Theprofessorcamein,followedbyagroupofyoungpeople.

  1、作原因状语,等于as/since/because引导从句

  Movedbywhatshesaid,wecouldn’thelpcrying.=(Aswearemovedbywhatshesaid…

  2、作时间状语,等于when引导时间从句,如果分词表示的动作与谓语的动作同时发生,可在分词前加when/while/until等使时间意义更明确。

  Whenheated,watercanbechangedintosteam.

  Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.=(Whentheparkisseenfromthehill…

  3、作条件状语等于if/whether引导从句

  Givenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.=(Iftheyhavebeengivenmoreattention….

  Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo=(Ifwearecomparedwithyou…

  4、作方式或伴随状语

  Theactresscamein,followedbyherfans.

  Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought.

  5、作让步状语

  Muchtired,hestillkeptonworking.=(Althoughhewastired,)he….

  6、独立主格结构:当分词的逻辑主语不是主句主语时,分词可以有自己独立的逻辑主语,这种结构称为独立主格结构。常用来表示伴随情况。

  Theboyrushedintotheclassroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.

  Allthingsconsidered,yourarticleisofgreatvaluethanhers.

  Rewritewithproperconjunctions

  Example:Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.

  Ifweareunited,wewillstand,butifwearedivided,wewillfall.

  1、Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.

  →Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,…

  2、Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.

  →Becausehewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice,…

  3、Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.

  Ifweweregivenmoretime,

  4、OncetranslatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.

  OnceitwastranslatedintoChinese,

  5、Deeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.

  Becauseshewasdeeplyinterestedinmedicine,

  6、Leftaloneathome,Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.

  Althoughhewasleftaloneathome,

  1、English is a widely used language.

  2、He threw away the broken cup.

  3、This is one of the schools built in 1980s.

  4、Prices of daily goods bought through a computer can be lower than store prices.

  单个过去分词作定语,常放在被修饰词的前面;

  过去分词短语作定语,常放在被修饰词的后面。

  spoken English= English which is spoken

  terrified people= the people who are terrified

  an organized way= a way that is organized

  affected area灾区= the area which is affected

  stolen culture relics= culture relics that had been stolen

  the book recommended by the teacher= the book which was recommended by the teacher

  printed articles= articles that are printed

高二英语必修五知识点总结归纳分享篇6

  一、过去分词

  过去分词兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征,可以带宾语或受状语修饰。过去分词和宾语或状语一起构成过去分词短语。它在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。这节课讲解作定语、表语的用法。

  1.作定语

  作定语的过去分词如果是单词,一般放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语,一般放在被修饰词的后面。例如:

  There are many fallen leaves on the ground.

  This is a book written by a worker.

  2.作表语

  过去分词作表语,多表示主语所处的状态。

  I was pleased at the news.

  The door remained locked.

  过去分词作表语,相当于形容词,常见的有:delighted, disappointed, astonished, interested, satisfied, surprised, tired, worried, excited, married等。

  过去分词作表语时,应注意与被动结构的区别。系表结构说明主语的状态或具有的性质、特点;被动结构强调谓语动作。

  The small village is surrounded by trees.(状态)

  The small village was soon surrounded by enemy soldiers.(动作)

  I"m interested in chess.(状态)

  3.过去分词做状语

  ①表时间,相当于一个时间状语从句,有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。

  Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden.

  Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.

  ②表原因,相当于一个原因状语从句。

  Exhausted, the children fell asleep at once.

  Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.

  ③表条件,相当于一个条件状语从句,有时过去分词前可用if等词

  Heated, water changes into steam.

  Given another chance, he will do better.

  ④表让步,相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。

  Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.

  ⑤表伴随,说明动作发生的背景或情况。

  Surrounded by a group of pupils, the old teacher walked into the classroom.

  The trainer appeared, followed by five little dogs.

高二英语必修五知识点总结归纳分享篇7

  一、重点词汇总结

  1. impression n.印记;印象;感想;后接of sb./ of sth./ on sb./ that从句; My first impression of him was favorable.他给我的第一印象非常讨人喜欢。 I got the impression that they were unhappy about the situation.他们给我的印象是他们对这个情形不是很开心。

  知识拓展:impress v.给……留下深刻的印象;使铭记;使感动;常用结构有:impress sth. on/upon sb./impress sb. with sth.给……留下深刻的印象;使铭记; It impressed me that she remembered my name.令我佩服的是她记得我的名字。

  2. remind v.提醒;使想起;常用结构有: remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事;remind sb.+(that)/wh-从句提醒某人……;使某人想起……;remind sb. about/of sth.使某人想起或意识到……;提醒某人某事I"m sorry, but I"ve forgotten your name, can you remind me?很抱歉,我忘记你叫什么名字了,你能提醒一下吗?

  You remind me of your father when you say that.说到那的时候,我想起了你的父亲。

  知识拓展:reminder n.提醒物;引起回忆的事物

  3. constantly adv.始终;一直;重复不断地Fashion is constantly changing.时尚总是日新月异。知识拓展:constant adj.连续发生的;不断的;重复的;

  4. previous adj.先前的;以往的;(时间上)稍前的;

  No previous experience is necessary for this job.以往的经验对这项工作不是很有必要。

  I couldn"t believe it when I heard the news.我听到这个消息的时候,我觉得简直令人那以置信。

  I had only seen him the previous day.我只在几天前见到过他。

  知识拓展:previously adv.先前的;早先

  The building had previously been used as a hotel.这栋建筑早些时候被用作旅馆。

  5. bend v.(bent bent)弯曲;使弯曲;弯腰;弯身;常用搭配有: bend one"s mind/efforts

  to sth.致力于某事bend sb.to sth.迫使;说服bend the truth歪曲事实It"s hard to bend an iron bar.把铁棒弄弯很不容易。

  She bent her head and kissed her daughter.她低下头吻了她的女儿。

  6. press v.压;按;推;挤;坚持;敦促n.报章杂志,新闻工作者,新闻界She pressed a handkerchief to his nose.她用手绢捂住鼻子。 She pressed down hard on the gas pedal.她用力踩下油门踏板。 He is still pressing her claim for compensation.他仍坚持索赔。 The press was/were not allowed to attend the trial.庭审谢绝新闻采访。

  7. switch n. & v.用作名词表示“开关;转换”。用作动词表示“转换”。 She made the switch from full-time to part-time work when her first child was born.她生第一个孩子的时候调整了工作,把全职工作转换成了兼职工作。 Press these two keys to switch between documents on screen.按这两个键来转换屏幕上的文件。

  I can"t work next week, will you switch with me?下周我不想上班,你能和我换一下班。

  8. lack n. & v.用作名词,表示:“缺乏;短缺”;用作动词,表示:“缺乏;短缺;没有;不足”。 a lack of food /money/skills缺乏食物/金钱/技能

  The trip was cancelled through lack of interest.因为缺乏兴趣这次旅行被取消了。 He lacks confidence.他缺乏信心。

  知识拓展:lacking adj.缺乏;没有;匮乏;不足

高二英语必修五知识点总结归纳分享篇8

  1)starve作不及物动词,表示“饿死,挨饿”。starve for=be starve of/for,表示“渴望获得,迫切得到”。

  2)plenty作不可数名词,只用于肯定句中,表示“充足,大量,富裕”,可做主语,宾语或表语。做主语时,谓语动词随着plenty所指的单复数形式作相应的变化。 plenty也可作副词,表示“充分地,十足地,好多”。 in plenty表示“大量的,丰富,充裕”可作表语,定语,状语。

  3)satisfy作及物动词,表示“满意,使满足”,直接跟宾语,若接that从句时,意思是“使相信”,从句前有间接宾语。 satisfy?with以满足be satisfied with对满足satisfy?for向偿还be satisfied to do sth满足于做某事

  4)harm作名词,意为“损害”,不与不定冠词连用,常与do,come,mean等动词搭配。 do more harm than good弊大于利There’s no harm in(sb’s)doing sth=It does no harm for sb to do sth做某事无害处作及物动词,表示“损害,伤害”。

  5)trick:play a trick on sb=play sb a trick开某人的玩笑,诈骗某人do/turn the trick达到(预期的)目的,获得成功。 have a/the trick of doing sth(有)做……的习惯/癖好。 be up to tricks,be at one’s tricks玩鬼把戏,闹恶作剧。trick可以做动词,trick sb into doing骗某人去做某事trick sb out of?骗取某人

  6)memory是名词,表示“记忆”时,接for而不接of。复数形式memories可表示往事。 in memory of纪念,一般表示对死者的纪念。 lose one’s memory“失去记忆”,可能永远也想不起来;而slip sb’s memory指一般想不起来,可能不知道什么时候又想起。

  7)admire作及物动词,只能接名词或者代词作宾语,不能接宾语从句。admire to do高兴做admire sb for sth在某方面钦佩某人admire at对感到羡慕,对感到惊讶

  8)look forward to盼望,期待push one’s way forward挤着向前走come forward走出来put forward提出backward and forward来回。

  9)take place表示“发生”有计划的,有目的的,有准备的发生,是不及物动词,无宾语,不能用于被动语态。区别take place,happen,break out:take place有计划的发生,多指运动,变化,进步,会议,婚礼等;happen偶然发生或者意外事件的发生;break out表示“突然发生,爆发”,强调出人意料,多指地震,火灾,火山,战争,疾病,瘟疫等的突然发生。 take one’s place表示“代替某人,执政,上台”。 take the place of表示“取代,代替”。

  10)Apologize:apologize to sb for doing sth因为做了某事向某人道歉make an apology to sb for doing sth道歉。

  11)set off:“出发,起程”,还可以表示“使爆炸,激发”。有关set的短语:

  set up建立,树立,创立;set forth出发,起程,公布;set out开始,着手,出发;set about

  着手,试图,开始;set fire to点火;set to doing sth开始做某事;set…aside把……放在一边;set sth down记下来;set …free将……释放

  12)as though:表示“好像,似乎”,引导的从句谓语动词多用于虚拟语气。如果as though

  从句中所叙述的情况是事实或有可能发生,也可用于陈述语气。其后面除了跟句子外,还可以跟名词,动词不定式,形容词(短语),介词短语或分词。还可以表示感叹语气,来对某项建议、假设或推测表示不赞成,惊讶,不满和厌恶等。

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